Gunshot wounds, domestic violence, child abuse and other assaults are common causes. Collisions involving cars, motorcycles or bicycles - and pedestrians involved in such accidents - are a common cause of traumatic brain injury. Falls from bed or a ladder, down stairs, in the bath, and other falls are the most common cause of traumatic brain injury overall, particularly in older adults and young children. The degree of damage can depend on several factors, including the nature of the injury and the force of impact.Ĭommon events causing traumatic brain injury include the following: Traumatic brain injury is usually caused by a blow or other traumatic injury to the head or body. A mild injury to the brain is still a serious injury that requires prompt attention and an accurate diagnosis. The terms 'mild,' 'moderate' and 'severe' are used to describe the effect of the injury on brain function. Seek emergency medical care if there are any signs or symptoms of traumatic brain injury following a recent blow or other traumatic injury to the head. Loss of interest in favorite toys or activitiesĪlways see your doctor if you or your child has received a blow to the head or body that concerns you or causes behavioral changes.Persistent crying and inability to be consoled.In a child with traumatic brain injury, you may observe: Infants and young children with brain injuries might not be able to communicate headaches, sensory problems, confusion and similar symptoms. Coma and other disorders of consciousness.Agitation, combativeness or other unusual behavior.Weakness or numbness in fingers and toes.Clear fluids draining from the nose or ears.Dilation of one or both pupils of the eyes.Persistent headache or headache that worsens.Loss of consciousness from several minutes to hours.Moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries can include any of the signs and symptoms of mild injury, as well as these symptoms that may appear within the first hours to days after a head injury: Physical symptoms Moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries No loss of consciousness, but a state of being dazed, confused or disoriented.Loss of consciousness for a few seconds to a few minutes.Sensory problems, such as blurred vision, ringing in the ears, a bad taste in the mouth or changes in the ability to smell.

The signs and symptoms of mild traumatic brain injury may include: Physical symptoms Some signs or symptoms may appear immediately after the traumatic event, while others may appear days or weeks later. Traumatic brain injury can have wide-ranging physical and psychological effects.

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